Investigation of the Clinical Characteristics of Empyema Thoracis Patients at Tertiary Care Facility
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1996/pjcm.v28i4.805Keywords:
Empyema Thoracis, Clinical Characteristics, TuberculosisAbstract
Background: Empyema remains a prevalent issue in both developed and developing regions. Pulmonary infections, thoracic trauma, surgical procedures, and tuberculosis (TB) accounted for the majority of empyema thoracis cases. Objective: The current investigation was conducted to examine the clinical characteristics of patients with empyema thoracis at a tertiary healthcare facility.Methodology: This prospective observational study was conducted on 78 empyema thoracis patients present to the Department of Internal Medicine at Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi from July 2020 to September 2021. Individuals diagnosed with empyema thoracis irrespective of their causes were enrolled. Clinical features, comorbidities and outcomes were evaluated. Results: The overall mean age of the patients was 42.68 ± 8.32 years with an age range of 20 to 75 years. There were 48 (61.5%) male and 30 (38.5%) females. The age distribution of patients was as follows: 40 (51.3%) in 20-45 years, 31 (39.7%) in 46 - 60 years, and 7 (9.0%) in 61-75 years. The prevailing symptom most frequently observed upon presentation was breathlessness 28 (35.9%), followed by chest pain 22 (28.2%) and fever 18 (23.1%). Pneumonia and diabetes mellitus were the most prevalent risk factors of empyema thoracis found in 25 (32.1%) and 17 (21.8%) cases. Conclusion: The present study observed a higher prevalence of empyema thoracis in developing nations like Pakistan. Breathlessness and chest pain were the most prevalent symptoms of empyema thoracis. Among these cases, tubercular empyema's, which is most frequently encountered in young adults, represents a a significant contributor to morbidity and mortalityReferences
Shen KR, Bribriesco A, Crabtree T, Denlinger C, Eby J, Eiken P, et al. The American Association for Thoracic Surgery consensus guidelines for the management of empyema. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2017;153:E129-146.
Singh GV, Kumar S, Goel R, Shadrach BJ, Khandare CK. A Study of Clinical Profile of Empyema Thoracis Patients in Tartary care center at Agra. JMSCR. 2018;6(5):709-17.
Lin J, Zhang Y, Bao C, Lu H, Zhong Y, Huang C, et al. The Clinical Features and Management of Empyema Caused by Streptococcus constellatus. Infect Drug Resist. 2022;15:6267-77.
Meagher S, Curran D, O’Connor TM. Outcome and clinical characteristics in pleural empyema patients in an inner city hospital: a retrospective study. 2022.
Tsai YM, Gamper N, Huang TW, Lee SC, Chang AH. Predictors and Clinical Outcomes in Empyema Thoracis Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department Undergoing Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery. J Clin Med. 2019;8(10):1612.
McCormack DJ, Anderson JR. Empyema thoracis. Surgery. 2017;35(5):243-6.
Singh GV, Kumar S, Goel R, Shadrach BJ, Khandare CK. A Study of Clinical Profile of Empyema Thoracis Patients in Tartary care center at Agra. JMSCR. 2018;6(5):709-17.
Pulle MV, Asaf BB, Kumar A, Puri HV, Vijay CL, Bishnoi S. Microbiological profile of tubercular and nontubercular empyemas and its impact on clinical outcomes: A retrospective analysis of 285 consecutively operated cases. Lung India. 2020;37(5):389-93.
Kumar TP, Ramulu G, Murthy MK. Empyema Thoracis - A comparative analysis of tuberculous and non-tuberculous aetiology. J Evol Med Dent Sci. 2017;6(93):6688-95.
Sadani S, Das M. Assessment of bacteriological profile and outcome of empyema thoracis of hospitalized children: a single center experience. Pediatr Respirol Crit Care Med. 2022;6(3):47.
Meena P, Jain P, Sharma A, Sharma B. A study on clinical profile and etiological agents of empyema in hospitalised children in Jaipur, India. Int J Contemp Pediatr. 2019;6(6):2433-7.
Redden MD, Chin TY, van Driel ML. Surgical versus non-surgical management for pleural empyema. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;3(3):CD010651.
Fouh Mbindi FC, Kouassi BA, Kone A, Koffi MO. Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Profile of Empyema Thoracis Patients at the Abidjan Pulmonology Department. Am Thorac Soc Int Conf. 2020;A2154-A2154.
Dharshini DP, Premkumar A, Preethi K. A Study on Bacteriological Profile of Empyema Thoracis Patients in a Teritiary Care Hospital. Cough. 2023;62:82-6.
Pulle MV, Asaf BB, Kumar A, Puri HV, Vijay CL, Bishnoi S. Microbiological profile of tubercular and nontubercular empyemas and its impact on clinical outcomes: A retrospective analysis of 285 consecutively operated cases. Lung India. 2020;37:389-93.
Ganguly A, Bhattacharya S, Dey A. Clinicoradiological profile and treatment outcome of empyema thoracis patients.
Majeed FA, Zafar U, Chatha SS, Ali A, Raza A. Decortication as an option for empyema thoracis. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2020;30:313-7.
Ho YL, Jamaluddin MF, Krishinan S, Salleh A, Khamis AY, Kareem BA. Paediatric empyema thoracis: roles and outcomes of surgeical intervention in advanced disease. Int J Respir Pulm Med. 2020;7:126.
Wen P, Wei M, Han C, He Y, Wang MS. Risk factors for tuberculous empyema in pleural tuberculosis patients. Sci Rep. 2019;20(1):19569.
Senger SS, Thompson III GR, Samanta P, Ahrens J, Clancy CJ, Nguyen MH. Candida empyema thoracis at two academic medical centers: new insights into treatment and outcomes. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2021;8(4):ofaa656.
Shebl E, Paul M. Parapneumonic Pleural Effusions and Empyema Thoracis. Treasure Island (FL); 2021.
Patel KM, Ullah K, Patail H, et al. Ultrasound for pleural disease. Beyond a pocket of pleural fluid. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2021;18(5):749–756.
Said AM, Samra SR, Al Fakharny KM, et al. Sonographic findings of thoracic empyema: outcome perspectives. Egypt J Bronchol 2022;16(1):36. DOI: 10.1186/s43168-022-00140-y.
Angurana SK, Kumar R, Singh M, Verma S. Pediatric empyema thoracis: What has changed over a decade? JTP 65: 231-239.
Alioke II, Anumenechi N, Edaigbini SA. Treatment outcomes of tuberculous and non-tuberculous empyema thoracis. J West Afr Coll Surg. 2020;10(1):15.
Hegade S, Biradar S. The Clinical and Bacteriological Profile of Children with Empyema in a Tertiary Hospital. Asian J Clin Pediatr Neonatol. 2019;7(3):50.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Pakistan Journal of Chest Medicine
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
