Personalized Pleural Biopsies: Advancing Precision in Pleural Disease Diagnosis

Abstract

The diagnosis of pleural disease, particularly in cases of malignant pleural effusion, remains a clinical challenge due to the limitations of traditional fluid analysis. Emerging evidence supports the use of pleural biopsies, with thoracoscopic biopsy recognized as the gold standard, offering superior diagnostic sensitivity. However, image-assisted needle biopsies, such as ultrasound-guided procedures, provide a valuable alternative for patients who cannot undergo thoracoscopy, achieving similar diagnostic yield in select cases. This personalized approach to biopsy selection - guided by imaging findings and molecular diagnostics - allows for enhanced diagnostic precision, especially in the era of precision oncology, where molecular profiling is increasingly essential for treatment planning. Future research will focus on optimizing biopsy strategies to further refine pleural disease diagnostics, ensuring individualized patient care.