Sleep disordered breathing in patients with interstitial lung disease: A systematic review

Abstract

Background: Interstitial lung disease is a severe condition that can reduce patients’ quality of life and decrease their productivity. This, in turn, can adversely affect the economy of the patients. Breathing disorder is common among patients with interstitial lung disease. It occurs mostly during sleep and is the major contributing factor to poor sleeps quality. Objective: The objective of this  work is to examine sleep-disordered respiration in people with interstitial lung disease (ILD) in the medical literature. Methodology: The literature was reviewed by searching articles published in Medline, PubMed, Embase, and Ovid databases between 2009 and 2019. The keywords used for the search were a combination of "sleep disorders’’ "breathing," and ‘’Interstitial lung disease’’. The findings obtained were refined and only original articles that investigated breathing problems accompanying sleep in ILD patients were included. The selected articles indicated the target population and types of complications. Result: The overall trials obtained were 1804. 56 trials were obtained after excluding those on animals and including only those on humans. Ten trials were considered appropriate, which dealt with 2154 patients with interstitial lung diseases. All the studies were prospective with a cross-sectional design, except one, which was a retrospective study. Conclusion: Patients with idiopathic respiratory fibrosis frequently have obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) . However, early diagnosis of the disease can improve patients’ outcomes. Some treatment strategies, like CPAP, can improve patients’ quality of sleep and also reduce their mortality.