Impact of Rifampicin on Blood Pressure Control in Hypertensive Patients with Tuberculosis: A Study at a Tertiary Care Center
Keywords:
Tuberculosis, Anti-TB drugs, RifampicinAbstract
Background: Hypertension and tuberculosis (TB) have an indirect relationship with each other. The anti-tuberculosis (Anti-TB) drug Rifampicin is an inducer agent. It is a potent liver enzyme inducer by inducing P450 and may have many drug interactions which reduces the therapeutical effects of many other drugs such as anti-hypertensive agents. Objective: To know the role of rifampicin (RMP) on blood pressure (BP) control in hypertensive patients with tuberculosis. Methodology: This prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Cardiology, District Headquarters Teaching Hospital, Swabi, from January 2021 to June 2022. In the present study, 200 patients with hypertension (HTN) who were on anti-hypertensive agents participated in this research. They all were diagnosed with tuberculosis as well as they were also treated with anti-tuberculosis drug rifampicin. Data were collected and entered into SPSS for analysis purposes. Blood pressure before starting the anti-TB drugs was recorded for all patients. During treatment for TB, the BP of all these patients re-check according to study rules. Results: The majority of the patients (68.0%) were male under the age 55 years of age. Among study cases, 116 (58%) of the cases experienced HTN for less than four years, while the rest were facing the problem for almost eight to ten years. Before anti-tuberculosis therapy (ATT), blood pressure (BP) was recorded as 135/85 mmHg, but after starting ATT, BP was recorded as 155/95 mmHg even after taking multiple anti-hypertensive drugs. The BP was again under control after stopping ATT i.e., 135/85 mmHg. Conclusions: Rifampicin weakens the effect of many blood pressure-lowering drugs, like calcium channel blockers, beta-blockers, and diuretics, by increasing liver enzymes that break down these drugs faster. So, their effective role in reducing the BP in hypertensive patients is reduced.References
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